Scotland is struggling to recruit enough general practitioners (GPs), even as demand for their services rises due to an ageing population. Despite ongoing efforts, the number of GPs continues to decline, creating a healthcare crisis that could worsen without significant policy changes.
One major challenge is the impact of immigration policies, particularly after the 2016 Brexit referendum. While reducing immigration has been a political goal for many, the reality is that the UK—and especially Scotland—depends on migrants to fill essential roles. The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) is now urging the Scottish Government to establish a dedicated body to help international medical graduates remain in the country and work as GPs.
Currently, around 40% of GP trainees in the UK come from overseas. However, many are forced to leave after completing their training if they cannot secure a surgery willing to sponsor their visa. The process is costly and complicated, deterring many practices from taking on international graduates. A recent survey found that nearly half of all international GP trainees face visa-related difficulties, making it harder for them to stay and contribute to Scotland’s healthcare system.
At the same time, Scotland has set a target of recruiting 800 additional GPs by 2027. However, with increasing patient caseloads, growing work-related stress, and many doctors reducing their hours or leaving the profession, the number of full-time GPs has actually declined for three consecutive years. Without policy changes, Scotland risks falling even further behind in meeting its healthcare needs.
Dr. Chris Provan, chair of RCGP Scotland, highlighted the importance of supporting international medical graduates, emphasizing that many of them have built lives in Scotland and want to continue serving their communities. Their contributions should be celebrated, especially in a time when the healthcare system is under pressure.
Recognizing the vital role of migrant GPs is essential. Arbitrary immigration caps that fail to consider workforce shortages can have serious consequences for public services. Scotland must do more to ensure that international medical professionals can remain and work in the country—because without them, the future of healthcare looks increasingly uncertain.