France is preparing to implement the EU Pact on Migration and Asylum, but officials admit they are running behind schedule as the June 12 deadline approaches. The new EU-wide rules will reshape how asylum seekers are screened, processed, and returned across member states.
According to Laurent Nuñez, the government is working quickly to align national laws with the new EU framework. He warned that if France fails to act on time, a large part of its asylum laws could conflict with EU rules, which take priority over national legislation.
To speed things up, the government is considering using executive orders instead of going through the full parliamentary process. This approach has raised concerns among lawmakers, who fear it may limit proper debate and oversight. A key parliamentary discussion is expected later in May to decide how the reforms will move forward.
One of the biggest changes will affect how asylum seekers are handled at borders. Under the new system, most asylum requests will be processed directly at entry points like airports. Applicants will undergo identity, health, and security checks before their cases are officially registered. This marks a shift from the previous system, where asylum seekers entered the country before starting the process.
Certain groups will face stricter border procedures. These include people who provide false information, come from countries with low asylum approval rates, or are considered security risks. Their cases will be reviewed while they remain at the border, and decisions are expected within 12 weeks.
If an asylum claim is rejected, the person may be deported quickly, even before a full appeal is completed. This is a major change from the current system, where appeals usually delay deportation. However, unaccompanied minors will generally be exempt from these fast-track border procedures unless they are seen as a security concern.
France is also preparing accommodation spaces for migrants affected by the new rules, although fewer than half of the planned 615 spots are currently ready. Temporary solutions, such as house arrest in alternative housing, may be used until more facilities are completed.
Another important decision is France’s refusal to fully apply the “safe third country” rule. This rule allows countries to send asylum seekers to other nations considered safe. France has chosen to limit its use due to constitutional concerns, insisting that each asylum case must be examined individually.
As part of EU solidarity efforts, France will also take responsibility for around 3,000 asylum seekers under a burden-sharing system. These are mostly individuals who first entered Europe through countries like Greece or Italy but are now being redistributed within the EU.
The new pact will also apply to overseas French territories such as Mayotte and French Guiana, although adjustments may be needed due to their unique legal and geographic situations.
Overall, France’s plan shows a move toward faster asylum decisions, tighter border control, and stronger cooperation within the EU. However, concerns remain about legal challenges, limited resources, and the impact on migrants’ rights as the country races to meet the deadline.