A major demographic shift is reshaping Australia’s population, as migrants from India have officially become the largest foreign-born group in the country, surpassing those from United Kingdom for the first time in history. The development highlights both changing global migration trends and growing political tensions around immigration policy.
According to new figures from the Australian Bureau of Statistics, approximately 971,020 people living in Australia were born in India, accounting for about 5.2% of the population. This figure slightly exceeds the 970,950 residents born in England, whose numbers have gradually declined from more than one million in 2013.
The data reflects a long-term shift in migration patterns, as Australia increasingly attracts skilled workers, students, and professionals from Asia. India’s rise to the top position signals its growing role as a major source of global talent, particularly in sectors such as technology, healthcare, and education.
Behind India and England, China ranks as the third-largest country of birth among migrants in Australia, with around 732,000 residents. It is followed by New Zealand, which accounts for about 638,000 people. Together, these figures illustrate the diversity of Australia’s migrant population and its increasing ties to the Asia-Pacific region.
Migration has played a crucial role in Australia’s economic success over the past three decades. A steady inflow of migrants has supported workforce growth, boosted consumer demand, and helped the country avoid prolonged economic downturns since the early 1990s. Even during global crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, migration has remained central to long-term recovery strategies.
However, the pandemic temporarily disrupted this trend. In 2021, Australia experienced a rare population decline due to strict international border closures. Since then, migration levels have rebounded strongly, pushing the share of overseas-born residents to 32% in 2025, up from 29.5% in 2022.
Despite its economic benefits, rising immigration has become an increasingly sensitive political issue. Australia is currently facing one of its most severe housing shortages in decades, with growing demand putting pressure on property prices and rental markets. This has fueled public debate about the pace and scale of migration.
The issue has also influenced the political landscape. The One Nation party has gained renewed support in opinion polls, campaigning strongly on anti-immigration policies. Its leader, Pauline Hanson, has long argued for stricter migration controls and continues to position immigration as a key national concern.
As Australia navigates these competing pressures—economic growth on one hand and social challenges on the other—the rise of Indian-born residents marks a turning point in the country’s migration story. It reflects broader global shifts while also underscoring the need for balanced policies that address both opportunity and public concern.