A new report shows that six out of every ten people who received unemployment benefits in Belgium in 2023 have a migrant background. This includes people who were born with another nationality or have parents from abroad. The figures were shared after a request from MP Sophie Thémont and reported by Het Laatste Nieuws. The data highlights how unemployment affects migrant families more deeply than native-born Belgians.
Employment minister David Clarinval told Bel RTL that these numbers were “surprising” and said more effort is needed to support and integrate people into the workplace. He also mentioned that some benefit fraud cases have been discovered in recent years, leading to stricter checks. However, many experts warn that the issue is not simply about control but about structural challenges and limited access to language and job training.
Research has shown that unemployment rates are highest among migrants from outside the European Union, especially those with roots in North Africa. Many of these job seekers face barriers such as language difficulties, lack of local work experience, and discrimination. Minister Clarinval said the government must make sure training programs and integration support are easier to access.
In addition to the integration challenges, Belgium is preparing to enforce a new rule that will end unemployment benefits for people who have been out of work for more than two years. According to an analysis by Actiris, nearly 42,000 job seekers in Brussels alone could lose their benefits between January 2026 and July 2027 under the new policy. Some will be affected immediately, while others will lose their benefits gradually over time.
Officials say the main aim is to encourage more people to return to work. However, many fear that thousands of people may end up depending on social welfare assistance instead. Brussels Employment Minister Bernard Clerfayt has warned that Actiris may not be able to match everyone with suitable jobs, especially in communities where unemployment is already high.
He said the change could reduce incomes in vulnerable households and place more pressure on social support systems. This could also create more hardship in neighborhoods where many families are already struggling to meet basic needs. Community groups and labour organizations say more investment is needed in job training and fair hiring practices before benefits are cut.
Why are unemployment rates higher among migrants in Belgium?
Many migrants face language barriers, limited job experience in the Belgian market, and at times, discrimination. Access to training and support can help reduce unemployment, but these systems are often not strong enough to meet the needs of migrant communities.
As Belgium prepares to roll out the new unemployment time limits, the debate continues how to balance support, responsibility, and fairness for everyone seeking work in the country.