Migrant workers in the UK, particularly those on seasonal worker visas, are facing significant exploitation and poor living conditions. This troubling situation is underscored by experiences shared at the Worker Support Centre (WSC) in Scotland, where many seasonal agricultural workers express feelings of being “slaves.” Despite coming to the UK for legitimate work opportunities, these individuals often confront unrealistic picking targets, inadequate housing, and threats of dismissal.
The WSC has recorded a dramatic increase in requests for assistance from seasonal farm workers this year, highlighting a disturbing rise in exploitation within the agricultural sector. The issues largely stem from the structure of the seasonal worker visa, which limits worker mobility and fails to provide adequate oversight of accommodation and employment standards. Consequently, many workers become reliant on their employers not only for their jobs but also for necessities such as housing and healthcare.
The seasonal worker visa, introduced in 2019 to address labor shortages in UK agriculture, has inherent flaws that leave workers vulnerable. Key issues include being tied to a single employer, which restricts workers’ ability to seek better conditions elsewhere. Additionally, many dismissal protections apply only after two years of continuous employment, leaving seasonal workers unprotected. Dismissal can force these individuals to return home, often without the means to repay travel debts. Many live in poorly maintained accommodations that are expensive and often unsafe, with little recourse for complaints.
Many workers live in fear of dismissal, which employers often exploit to enforce unrealistic productivity targets. Reports indicate that workers are penalized for not meeting these targets, facing threats that can lead to eviction from their accommodations. Such threats foster a climate of anxiety, pushing workers to endure poor conditions rather than risk losing their jobs. Moreover, inadequate living conditions prevail, with accommodations lacking proper maintenance and hygiene standards. Complaints can lead to suggestions that workers return to their home countries instead of receiving assistance.
To address these pervasive issues, several policy changes are recommended. The forthcoming Employment Bill should guarantee basic rights, including protections against unfair dismissal and improved housing standards. Establishing an independent transfer pathway for workers would allow individuals to seek better conditions without the fear of losing their jobs. Introducing an open work visa would enable workers to change employers and pursue pathways to settlement, enhancing job security and reducing the risk of exploitation. Better protections for workers who report exploitation are essential to empower them to speak out without fear of retaliation.
The situation for seasonal workers in the UK’s agriculture sector requires immediate attention. These workers play a vital role in the food supply chain, and ensuring their rights and welfare is not just a matter of justice but also essential for the industry’s sustainability.
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